Opening Access to Science
Today, on the 29th of September 2017, we raise awareness about the cardiovascular diseases and its prevention along with the rest of the world. Bentham Open has 2 research journals dedicated to the cardiovascular research which are;
The Open Cardiovascular Medicine Journal
World Rabies Day is observed annually to raise awareness about rabies prevention and to highlight progress in defeating this horrifying disease. Today, safe and efficacious animal and human vaccines are among the important tools that exist to eliminate human deaths from rabies while awareness is the key driver for success of communities to engage in effective rabies prevention.
Bentham Open very important research related to this day in the following journals:
More than 5% of global human population – approximately 360 million people – suffer from loss of hearing. Disabling hearing loss alludes to more than 40 decibels hearing loss in the better-hearing ear in grown-ups and greater than 30 decibels hearing loss in the better-hearing ear in kids. The bulk of the people with disabling hearing loss reside in low- and middle-income countries. The causes of hearing loss can be congenital (by birth) or acquired (due to infectious disease, use of some particular medicine, excessive noise, injury, blockage of ear canal, or aging). More than 1 billion young people (between 12-35 years of age) face the danger of hearing loss resulting from exposure to disproportionate noise in leisure activities.
One of the major effects of hearing loss is the decreased ability of the individual to communicate with others. This can cause hurdles to education in kids and difficulty in working environments in adults. World Health Organization (WHO) assesses that unaddressed hearing loss results in a yearly global charge of 750 billion international dollars.
International Week of the Deaf is observed by the World Federation of the Deaf (WFD) and its domestic associations and their associates internationally throughout the last full week of September (Monday to Sunday). International Week of the Deaf is the week in which a highly concerted global effort is made to increase awareness for the deaf population at individual, communal and federal level.
International Week of the Deaf supports the facilitation of deaf people and to promote the researches that are being done on various hearing problems that are affecting many in the society.
Bentham Open presents valuable research studies on problems faced by the deaf people and the efforts to help improve their lives. Please view the following research articles:
https://benthamopen.com/ABSTRACT/TOCSJ-9-1640
Nurse turnover is an issue of concern in health care systems internationally. Understanding which interventions are effective to reduce turnover rates is important to managers and health care organisations. Despite a plethora of reviews of such interventions, strength of evidence is hard to determine.
We aimed to review literature on interventions to reduce turnover in nurses working in the adult health care services in developed economies.
We conducted an overview (systematic review of systematic reviews) using the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Applied Social Sciences Index and Abstracts, CINAHL plus and SCOPUS and forward searching. We included reviews published between 1990 and January 2015 in English. We carried out parallel blinded selection, extraction of data and assessment of bias, using the Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews. We carried out a narrative synthesis.
Despite the large body of published reviews, only seven reviews met the inclusion criteria. These provide moderate quality review evidence, albeit from poorly controlled primary studies. They provide evidence of effect of a small number of interventions which decrease turnover or increase retention of nurses, these being preceptorship of new graduates and leadership for group cohesion.
We highlight that a large body of reviews does not equate with a large body of high quality evidence. Agreement as to the measures and terminology to be used together with well-designed, funded primary research to provide robust evidence for nurse and human resource managers to base their nurse retention strategies on is urgently required.
Institutionalization is increasingly acknowledged as a poor policy for the children. Every country has important responsibilities concerning the protection and promotion of children’s rights who are already in alternative care. Even a relatively short institutional placement may have long term negative consequences on children’s well-being and adult life.
The aim of the present study was to investigate the language and psychosocial skills of Greek institutionalized children in comparison to family raised children.
60 preschool children (30 institutionalized children and 30 children brought up in families) participated in the study. The children ranged in age from 4 to 5 years of age. Children’s language and psychosocial skills were assessed.
The results demonstrated that the institutionalized children had significantly lower scores in the expressive, receptive vocabulary, narrative skills and psychosocial adjustment in comparison to the children raised in families. These results are discussed in relation to their implications for policy makers in order to move towards the development of new policies, where children are taken care of in more supportive surroundings than an institution.
World Alzheimer’s Day is an international campaign held every year on the 21st of September, to raise awareness about this disease. Alzheimer is a neurological disorder in which patients experience a cognitive decline and memory loss.
Find the latest studies from the following Bentham Open journal:
This research article by Dr. Amin Daoulah et al. has been published in The Open Cardiovascular Medicine Journal, Volume 11, 2017
Historically, from the 1930’s to the 1950’s, the rate of cardiovascular disease in high-income countries was high. Since the mid-1970’s, the rate of cardiovascular disease has declined in high income countries, possibly due to socioeconomic inequalities and better management of risk factors for coronary heart disease among the wealthy.
We conducted a prospective, multicenter, multiethnic, observation study of consecutive patients undergoing coronary angiography at five hospitals in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates. Our study demonstrates an association between higher income and higher risk for significant coronary artery disease (CAD) and multivessel disease. We speculate that this finding can be explained by poor lifestyle practices in the Gulf region (physical inactivity, sedentary lifestyle, unhealthy diet, tobacco use) and highly stressful events related to work and daily activities in life. Previous studies among men linking stress-related health risks with substantial losses in income and wealth help support our speculation. In addition, people living in rural areas and those who are jobless had a higher risk of significant coronary artery disease and multivessel disease, which is in agreement with previous studies.
Our current study failed to show an association between education level and risk of coronary artery disease. This could be explained by a large number of illiterate patients (50%) and those who had secondary education (35%) and this does not reflect all education levels.
The well-accepted socioeconomic-CAD gradient might not be applicable to all regions of the world. We suggest that the interpretation of socioeconomic status should take into account the differences in risk factors among different ethnicities and cultural differences in individual lifestyles from the same socioeconomic status. Broader studies are needed to explore this association that is in contradiction to what has been previously reported of the link between coronary vascular disease and lower socioeconomic standing.
For more information about the article, please visit https://benthamopen.com/ABSTRACT/TOCMJ-11-47
Coal gasification is the promising technology for syngas routes to produce chemicals or transportation fuels. Additionally, it enables clean power generation from coal in Integrated Gasification Combined Cycles (IGCC). So far, coal fines with high ash contents could not be feasibly used in such routes.
In this regard, the Internal Circulation gasifier (INCI) is designed to gasify high-ash coal fines efficiently. The staged system is combining a moving bed, a fluidized bed and a jetting fluidized bed in one reaction chamber.
The present paper substantially describes the laboratory-scale prototype development in the COORVED-project (“CO2-reduction by innovative gasifier design”) based on the INCI gasification principle of about 50-125 kW thermal input. Information about the gasifiers compounding, especially the reaction chamber, peripheral components and applied measurement systems are given.
Experimental results are presented, confirming the targeted, typical flow pattern inside the reaction chamber. Furthermore technical and operational limits of the COORVED prefiguration are discussed. Based on these results a major design change of the reaction chamber is required and explained in detail. Additionally, results of the feedstock variation from coke to lignite are shown.
Finally, the operability of the INCI gasification principle is proven by a stationary operating system with controlled ash agglomeration.
Bentham Open 