Month: September 2018

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Press Release: “Hemidystrophic thorax mimicking scoliosis”

The article by Dr. Hans-Rudolf Weiss and Sarah Seibel is published in The Open Orthopaedics Journal, Volume 12, 2018

Pectus Excavatum (PE), Pectus Carinatum (PC), Poland Syndrome (PS), Sunken Chest Deformity (SCD), Barrel Chest Deformity (BCD), Body Builder Deformity (BBD), and Long Upper Chest Wall (LCW) are Chest Wall Deformities (CWDs) that are documented in the medical literature. A scoliotic CWD, unlike PE or PC, does not only concern the anterior chest wall but is an expression of thoracic torsion due to the scoliotic torsion of the spine and adjacent ribs. Typically, we find a rib hump dorsally on the convex side of the curvature when the thoracic spine is affected and a lumbar hump dorsally on the convex side of a lumbar curve when the lumbar spine is affected. When thoracic scoliosis is analysed more closely using a 3D scan of the trunk, we typically find a rotation of the trunk backward on the rib hump side and a rotation forward on the thoracic concave side.

A new form of CWD has been found by the first author: As has been shown in this case series, a Hemidystrophic Thorax (HDT) was found in patients with slight scoliosis and in cases without scoliosis (Cobb angle of 10° or less). The condition of HDT may lead to significant rib humps, which mimic scoliosis. According to our case series, mild scoliosis can also be associated with HDT. HDT, according to the cases presented in this study, seems to be a relatively benign deformity. Long-term observations are necessary before a final conclusion can be drawn with respect to prognosis.

TOORTHJ-12-252_F1
The scoliotic CWD is an expression of thoracic torsion due to scoliotic deformity of the spine and adjacent ribs. This is a case with severe thoracic scoliosis (65° Cobb) with a huge rib hump.

For more information about the article, please visit

https://benthamopen.com/ABSTRACT/TOORTHJ-12-252

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Concerns of a Pediatric Dentist in Dental Stem Cells: An Overview

Author: Suseela Keerti Popuri

Journal: The Open Dentistry Journal

Abstract

Stem cell biology has become an essential part of regenerative medicine and dentistry. The fact of availability of these stem cells among various dental tissues has doubled the researcher’s enthusiasm in the recent years due to fewer ethical constraints and minimally invasive nature. Stem cells from deciduous tooth among the dental stem cells are the ones obtained with least or no trauma. To date, enormous research has been reported on dental stem cells. The purpose of this review is to focus only on certain aspects of dental stem cells that are important to the specialty of pedodontics. Thus, a detailed emphasis is given on stem cells obtained from human deciduous teeth including their harvesting and storage techniques.

TODENTJ-12-596_F1
Stem cells from dental tissues.

To access this article, please visit:

https://benthamopen.com/ABSTRACT/TODENTJ-12-596

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Evidence of BVDV in Pigs from North Eastern Part of India- Genetic Profiling and Characterisation

Author: Amit Kr Chakraborty

Journal: The Open Virology Journal

Capture12.PNG

TOVJ-12-110_F1
Agarose gel electrophoresis photo of BVDV specific gene amplification in pig samples. (a) Lane 1 and lane 2 are samples MzS1 (Mizoram) and ML1920 (Meghalaya). P is positive BVDV RNA sample. In M lane 100 bp plus ladder (Thermoscientific, USA) was used. (b) E2 partial 606bp fragment was amplified from pig serum. Lane 1 to lane 8 are samples from porcine origin and lane P1 and lane P2 are from bovine origin BVDV positive samples for verification of PCR. Lane N is non template control used in both (a) and (b)

To access this article, please visit:

https://benthamopen.com/ABSTRACT/TOVJ-12-110

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Diffusion Theory for the Infection Pathway of Virus in a Living Cell

Author: Yuichi Itto

Journal: The Open Conference Proceedings Journal

Abstract

Background:

The infection pathway of virus in living cell is of interest from the viewpoint of the physics of diffusion.

Objective:

Here, recent developments about a diffusion theory for the infection pathway of an adeno-associated virus in cytoplasm of a living HeLa cell are reported.

Theories and Results:

Generalizing fractional kinetics successfully modeling anomalous diffusion, a theory for describing the infection pathway of the virus over the cytoplasm is presented. The statistical property of the fluctuations of the anomalous-diffusion exponent is also discussed based on a maximum-entropy-principle approach. In addition, an issue regarding the continuum limit of the entropy introduced in the approach is carefully examined. The theory is found to imply that the motion of the virus may obey a scaling law.

 

To access this article, please visit:

https://benthamopen.com/ABSTRACT/TOPROCJ-9-1

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Effects of Aerobic Exercise on Anxiety Symptoms and Cortical Activity in Patients with Panic Disorder: A Pilot Study

Author: Eduardo Lattari

Journal:Clinical Practice & Epidemiology in Mental Health

Abstract

Background:

The effects of the aerobic exercise on anxiety symptoms in patients with Panic Disorder (PD) remain unclear. Thus, the investigation of possible changes in EEG frontal asymmetry could contribute to understand the relationship among exercise, brain and anxiety.

Objective:

To investigate the acute effects of aerobic exercise on the symptoms of anxiety and the chronic effects of aerobic exercise on severity and symptoms related to PD, besides the changes in EEG frontal asymmetry.

Methods:

Ten PD patients were divided into two groups, Exercise Group (EG; n=5) and Control Group (CG; n=5), in a randomized allocation. At baseline and post-intervention, they submitted the psychological evaluation through Panic Disorder Severity Scale (PDSS), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), EEG frontal asymmetry, and maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max). On the second visit, the patients of EG being submitted to the aerobic exercise (treadmill, 25 minutes, and 50-55% of heart rate reserve) and the CG remained seated for the same period of time. Both groups submitted a psychological evaluation with Subjective Units of Distress Scale (SUDS) at baseline, immediately after (Post-0), and after 10 minutes of the rest pause (Post-10). The patients performed 12 sessions of aerobic exercise with 48-72 hours of interval between sessions.

Results:

In EG, SUDS increased immediately after exercise practice and showed chronic decrease in BAI and BDI-II as well as increased in VO2max (Post-intervention).

Conclusion:

Aerobic exercise can promote increase in anxiety acutely and regular aerobic exercise promotes reduction in anxiety levels.

CPEMH-14-11_F1
Schematic representation of the experimental procedures.

To access this article, please visit:

https://benthamopen.com/FULLTEXT/CPEMH-14-11